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semiconductor manufacturing). Hard water can be used in
isothermal humidifiers with the understanding that these systems
require regular inspection and cleaning and that RH performance
will fluctuate. But the easiest and most cost-effective way to reduce
maintenance requirements is to soften the fill water.
Direct injection of boiler steam affects indoor air quality
Boiler steam is often directly injected into the air through steam
dispersion units to provide humidification. Owners of existing
boiler systems have found this a cost-effective, energy efficient, and
easily controllable way to add humidity without adding additional
equipment to make steam. However, boiler water is typically treated
with anticorrosion chemicals that, when directly injected into
the air as steam, negatively impact indoor air quality. Concerned
owners wishing to make use of an existing boiler for humidification
should consider a closed loop system such as our STS Steam-to-
Steam system that provides chemical-free steam for humidification
by running boiler steam through a heat exchanger.
Humidification as pure as the fill water
In general, the quality of humidification vapor is only as good as
the humidifier tank’s fill water. High purity water (DI/RO) provides
the purest humidification. Humidification produced through an
isothermal process (boiling) is a bit more pure than humidification
produced through an adiabatic process (unheated water turned
into vapor by evaporation, pressure and/or compressed air).
Some adiabatic systems using potable or softened water leave a
fine dust on area surfaces, and wetted-media or wick systems may
contaminate humidification vapor. Process-critical environments,
such as surgical suites, clean rooms, semiconductor manufacturing,
or museums requiring artifact preservation, use high purity water to
ensure very clean humidification vapor. Potable hard and softened
water in isothermal systems typically provide humidification vapor
that is adequately clean for comfort applications such as office or
residential buildings.
Hard water reduces energy efficiency
How water type affects energy efficiency is closely related to how
water type affects performance. Simply stated, the harder the
water, the more water wasted down the drain to remove minerals
and, therefore, the more water that will need to be replaced and
reheated, resulting in increased energy costs.
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